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Spanish Preterite Tense

Master the past tense for completed actions

intermediate
20 min read

Spanish Preterite Tense

The preterite tense (pretérito indefinido) is used to describe completed actions in the past. It tells us what happened at a specific time or during a specific period that has ended.

Regular Verb Endings

-AR Verbs (hablar)

yo → hablé
→ hablaste
él/ella → habló
nosotros → hablamos
vosotros → hablasteis
ellos → hablaron

-ER Verbs (comer)

yo → comí
→ comiste
él/ella → comió
nosotros → comimos
vosotros → comisteis
ellos → comieron

-IR Verbs (vivir)

yo → viví
→ viviste
él/ella → vivió
nosotros → vivimos
vosotros → vivisteis
ellos → vivieron

Common Irregular Verbs

ser/ir (to be/to go)

fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron

tener (to have)

tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron

hacer (to do/make)

hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron

estar (to be)

estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron

When to Use Preterite

  • Completed actions: Ayer comí pizza (Yesterday I ate pizza)
  • Specific time: En 2020 viajé a España (In 2020 I traveled to Spain)
  • Series of events: Me levanté, desayuné y salí (I got up, had breakfast and left)
  • Interrupting actions: Cuando llegaste, yo dormía (When you arrived, I was sleeping)

Examples

Ayer comí pizza
Yesterday I ate pizza
Regular -er verb in preterite (completed action)
Ella habló con su madre
She spoke with her mother
Regular -ar verb in preterite
Nosotros fuimos al cine
We went to the cinema
Irregular verb "ir" in preterite
Tú escribiste una carta
You wrote a letter
Regular -ir verb in preterite